Newfoundland dogs, often called Newfies, are famous for their gentle giant reputation and heroic work in water rescue. Originally developed as working dogs, they are known today as a famously good companion for families, especially those with small kids and other pets. This guide helps US pet parents understand whether the Newfoundland breed fits their home, climate, and lifestyle—so you can make a confident, informed decision.
Quick Facts at a Glance
Newfoundland dogs are classified as large working dogs by the American Kennel Club and are recognized for their strength, patience, and water abilities.
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Breed Group: Working dogs
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Size: Large to giant breed
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Average Weight: Male: 130–150 pounds, Female: 100–120 pounds (males heavier than females)
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Height: About 26–28 inches at the shoulder
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Life Expectancy: Around 9–10 years, which is common for giant breeds
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Coat Type: Thick, water-resistant double coat with a dense undercoat and coarse outer coat
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Common Colors: Black, brown, gray, and black and white (Landseer Newfoundland)
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Shedding: Yes - Newfoundland shed year round, with heavier shedding twice a year during shedding season
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Energy Level: Moderate. Newfoundland are calm indoors and not high-energy dogs, They enjoy long walks, swimming, and relaxed play rather than vigorous exercise
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Trainability: High, Intelligent, eager to please, and responsive to positive training, Best trained with patience and praise due to their soft, sensitive nature
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Temperament: Sweet, calm, gentle, patient - often called a gentle giant
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Good With: Children, cats, other dogs, and family environments
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Best For: Pet parents who have space, time for grooming, and experience with large dogs
Although their size can be intimidating, Newfoundland are known as a famously good companion. According to the AKC, their calm energy level and high trainability make them easier to manage than many other large dog breeds—provided owners understand what dog ownership entails with a giant dog.
History and Origin
The Newfoundland breed comes from the island of Newfoundland, Canada, where these dogs worked closely with fishermen as early as the 1700s. Their job included pulling carts, hauling fishing nets, guarding ships, and performing water rescue. Their webbed paws and partially webbed feet made them powerful swimmers, even in icy water.
Newfoundland dogs gained international fame after being brought to England, where their courage and loyalty were celebrated in paintings, poems, and stories. One famous example is the dog “Boatswain,” owned by poet Lord Byron, who praised the breed’s kindness and bravery. Modern Newfoundlands still excel in water rescue work, and many participate in organized water tests through breed clubs such as the Newfoundland Club of America.
What a Newfoundland Dog Looks Like
A Newfoundland’s appearance reflects its original purpose as a powerful working dog. These are massive, strong dogs with a broad head, deep chest, sturdy shoulders, and thick bones built for hard work. Their large size means they may accidentally knock over furniture—or even people—without meaning to.
The breed is best known for its thick double coat, which includes a soft undercoat for insulation and a coarse, water-resistant outer coat. This heavy coat protects them in cold weather but can be challenging in warm climates. The AKC notes that their coat must be brushed regularly to remove dead hair, prevent mats, and manage shedding.
Because of their size and coat, Newfoundlands need extra space indoors, durable furniture, and easy-to-clean surfaces. Prospective owners should also expect drool, fur, and muddy paws—this is not a breed for a neat freak.
Newfoundland Dog Temperament
The Newfoundland is widely known for its sweet temperament and calm, patient nature. Often described as a “gentle giant,” this breed is especially good with children, earning a reputation as a trustworthy family dog.
They are generally friendly toward strangers and get along well with other pets, including cats and smaller dogs. However, early socialization is still important to ensure they grow into well-behaved adults. Because they mature slowly—sometimes called “Peter Pan” dogs—they may act puppy-like for several years.
Newfoundlands respond best to gentle training methods and positive reinforcement. They are intelligent and trainable but sensitive to harsh correction. Their calm behavior does not mean they need no guidance—basic manners are essential due to their size and strength. With proper training, Newfoundlands are confident, well-mannered companions who thrive on close human connection.
Common Health Issues in Newfoundland Dogs
Like many large dogs, Newfoundland dogs are prone to certain health problems that pet parents should understand before bringing one home. Because of the Newfoundland’s great size and fast growth during puppyhood, joint and heart conditions are the most common concerns.
One major issue is hip dysplasia, a condition where the hip joint does not form properly. This can lead to pain, limping, and arthritis over time. The Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) recommends hip and elbow screening for breeding dogs to reduce risk.
Newfoundlands are also susceptible to heart disease, including dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and subaortic stenosis, which can be life-threatening in severe cases. According to North Carolina State University’s College of Veterinary Medicine, heart screening by a veterinarian is critical for early detection.
Another emergency risk is gastric dilatation volvulus (bloat), a stomach twist that requires immediate surgery. Giant breeds like Newfies are especially prone. Knowing the signs—restlessness, swollen stomach, drooling—can save a dog’s life.
Newfoundland Dog Daily Care
Daily care for Newfoundland dogs goes beyond basic feeding and walking. Their thick double coat needs regular attention to stay healthy and comfortable. Because Newfoundlands shed year round, brushing at least 2–3 times per week helps remove dead hair, prevent mats, and manage shedding season, which peaks twice a year.
Bathing should be occasional but thorough, especially since their water-resistant outer coat can trap dirt and debris. The American Kennel Club advises proper drying to prevent skin infections under the heavy coat.
Nutrition is another key part of care. A complete and balanced diet designed for a large breed helps protect joints and maintain a healthy weight. Veterinarians often recommend frequent meals instead of one large meal to lower bloat risk.
Because Newfoundlands drool and track in mud, pet parents should expect extra cleaning, towels, couch covers, and washable dog beds—this breed is not ideal for a neat freak.
Newfoundland Dog Exercise Needs
Despite their massive size, Newfoundland dogs do not need vigorous exercise all day. Instead, they do best with steady, low-impact activity that protects their joints while keeping them mentally engaged.
Most adult Newfoundlands benefit from long walks, light playtime, and daily mental stimulation such as training games or gentle fetch. Puppies should avoid excessive jumping or running on hard surfaces, as their joints are still developing.
Thanks to their webbed paws and natural instinct for swimming, many Newfoundlands excel as water rescue dogs. Swimming is an excellent low-impact exercise, especially in cold weather. However, US pet parents must be cautious of toxic algae blooms in lakes and ponds. The CDC warns that dogs can become seriously ill after exposure to contaminated water.
In warm climates, exercise should happen early morning or evening to avoid heat stress. Their heavy coat makes Newfies less tolerant of summer heat, so shade and water are essential.
Costs
Owning a Newfoundland requires financial planning. Dog ownership entails higher costs with giant breeds compared to smaller dogs.
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Initial costs: A responsibly bred Newfoundland puppy in America often costs several thousand dollars. Adoption through rescue may be lower.
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Food: Large portions of quality food are needed to maintain a balanced diet.
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Vet care: Health screening, joint care, and emergency risks increase lifetime expenses.
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Grooming & supplies: Brushes, grooming tools, large dog beds, toys, and furniture protection all add up.
Pet parents should expect higher yearly costs but also many years of companionship and loyalty in return.
Finding a Responsible Breeder or Rescue
Choosing the right breeder or rescue is one of the most important steps in owning a Newfoundland. A responsible breeder will openly share health testing results and prioritize temperament over appearance. The Newfoundland Club of America recommends breeders test for hips, elbows, heart disease, and cystinuria before breeding.
You can also search for breed-specific rescues through the AKC Rescue Network. Avoid breeders who refuse health records or sell puppies too young. Responsible breeders raise puppies in clean homes, focus on socialization, and remain a lifelong resource for owners.
Is a Newfoundland Dog Right for You?
A Newfoundland may be the right choice if you want a gentle, patient, famously good companion that loves family time, kids, and other pets. They are calm indoors, affectionate, and deeply bonded to their people.
However, this breed needs more space, regular grooming, and owners who can manage size-related challenges. Newfoundlands can accidentally knock over small kids or furniture simply by turning around. They also do not do well when left alone for long periods and may develop separation anxiety.
If you can provide space, time, and care—and are prepared for drool, fur, and big expenses — a Newfie can be a truly rewarding companion.
FAQs
Are Newfoundlands good house dogs?
Yes. Despite their large size, Newfoundlands are calm indoors and well behaved when properly trained. They need space and regular walks but are not hyperactive.
What’s bigger, a Great Dane or a Newfoundland?
Great Danes are usually taller, but Newfoundlands are heavier and more massive overall. A full grown Newfoundland dog can weigh more than most Danes.
Do Newfoundland dogs bark a lot?
No. Newfoundlands are generally quiet dogs. They may bark to alert owners but are not known as frequent barkers.
What two breeds make a Newfoundland?
The Newfoundland is an established pure breed developed in Canada. While its exact origins include local working dogs and European breeds, it is not a modern mix.
Conclusion
Newfoundland dogs are powerful yet gentle, hardworking yet loving. Their history as water rescue working dogs, combined with a sweet temperament, makes them unique among large breeds. While they require grooming, space, and careful health management, they reward responsible owners with loyalty, patience, and deep affection.
